Periodontal Care

What Causes Gum Disease?

Our mouths provide a home to millions of bacteria, both beneficial and harmful. Bacteria form a sticky substance, plaque, that adheres to the teeth. Brushing and flossing aim at removing plaque before it mineralizes into tartar. Tartar becomes a colony for more bacteria and adds to their population, pumping out toxins into the gums.

Gums react to this bacterial invasion with an inflammatory response under the direction of the immune system. Around the base of each tooth, a small collar of gum tissue exists that forms a small crevice or pocket. This warm, dark environment provides a perfect habitat for deeper tartar and bacterial penetration, with their toxins seeping into the base of the collar.

Early inflammation results in bleeding gums, known as gingivitis. Bacteria left untreated and undisturbed successfully create a chronic infection in the gum collar. In many cases, the bone begins to deteriorate around the teeth as the bacteria burrow deeper into the gums. While gums may be slightly tender at this stage, there's generally minimal discomfort as the bone dissolves.

More than 50% of the bone around your teeth can disappear before any signs of looseness or pain begin to appear. The bone around teeth never regenerates, so this loss becomes permanent and harder to control as the bacteria hide deeper into the gums. Untreated gum disease leads to abscess and generalized tooth loss in many advanced cases.

Diagnosis

We draw on objective clinical data to form a gum disease diagnosis and to grade the condition. The small collar of gum around each tooth usually sits 2-3 millimeters deep, a small crevice easily cleaned by floss or toothpicks.

Dr. Taylor Spader or our hygiene team can measure and chart multiple areas using a small measuring device. If these measurements register beyond 3 millimeters and include bleeding areas, the disease is present.

Deeper findings indicate more advanced disease than shallower readings. Dr. Taylor Spader will also consider the texture and shape of your gums, and any movement detectable in each tooth.

It's also vital to examine the levels, shape, and density of the bone around your teeth on digital x-rays. By drawing together numerous findings, a clear picture forms about your gum condition.

Meet Your Smile Expert in Tucson, AZ

A great smile starts with trust. We’re here to listen, care, and provide the best treatment possible for every patient.
Meet  Dr. Spader →

Same-day Emergencies

Life happens, and we’re here when you need us most. From toothaches to broken teeth, we offer same-day appointments to provide immediate relief. We'll get you smiling again fast.

State-of-the-art Care

Experience the benefits of modern dentistry. From CEREC for same-day crowns to 3D imaging and the iTero scanner, our advanced tools mean precise, efficient care.

Treatment

After establishing a diagnosis defining the severity of gum disease, a personalized treatment plan can be developed with you. In milder forms with little or no bone loss, one or two visits with our hygiene team may bring the condition under control.

When you leave our office with a strategy for daily home care and an established schedule for maintenance, little additional treatment may be needed. If the inflammation has advanced with measurable bone loss, a proactive approach halting the destruction should be strongly considered.

Often we will suggest gentle numbing of your gums for your comfort during the deeper cleaning process. One area at a time undergoes meticulous cleaning above and below the gum line, usually over several visits.

The infected collar or pocket around each tooth, including the mineralized tartar, must be carefully cleaned out with hand and ultrasonic instruments. Polishing the teeth will establish glassy surfaces that help repel stain and plaque accumulation usually finishes this initial therapy.

Dr. Spader may suggest a medicated rinse, an electric toothbrush, a Waterpik, or other specific strategies to help you with your ongoing efforts. Remember, gum disease can be controlled but not cured. Dedicated daily efforts must be consistent to control the disease.

A hospital room with a monitor, chair, and other medical equipment.
A group of people standing around a dentist chair.
A woman in a lab coat standing in a room.

Maintenance Matters

Regular home care is critical to arrest the progression of gum disease. Within a few hours of a careful cleaning, the bacteria begin to repopulate and adhere to the teeth. Plaque left undisturbed will start to harden and mineralize within 24 hours.

Deeper gum pockets require even more diligence to prevent the bacteria from burrowing further into the foundation of your teeth.

Since the deepest sections of gum pockets previously damaged by bacteria can be difficult to reach at home, a particular maintenance schedule with us proves essential. We can customize your plan to include 2, 3 or 4 visits a year depending on the severity of disease and its response to treatment and home care.

If our combined efforts don't halt your gum disease, we will suggest referral to a trusted specialist, known as a periodontist. With specialized training in many gum conditions, further treatment may be recommended.

We’re Keeping Our Community Safe

Health Screenings
Contactless Check-in
Advanced Sanitization
Fully Equipped Staff

Mouth-Body Connection

Current research continues to establish clear links between bacterial disease in your mouth and ailments in other parts of the body. Studies show a link between oral bacteria and conditions such as heart disease, stroke, arthritis, Alzheimer's, and certain types of cancers. The integration of oral and general health has never been better understood than it is currently.

Dr. Spader or our hygiene team can measure and chart multiple areas using a small measuring device. If these measurements register beyond 3 millimeters and include bleeding areas, the disease is present. Bleeding gums provide a direct pathway into the bloodstream, a journey that toxic oral bacteria can quickly take.

In fact, if bleeding gums connected into one single patch, it would create a 2 x 2-inch square. If an open wound of this size existed on your skin, infection would be a concern. Bleeding, infected gums offer this open door to your body and sit saturated in colonies of bacteria.

This helps explain why researchers continue to identify oral bacteria deposits in various areas of our bodies. Diabetes and other auto-immune disorders lower the body's ability to fight infection, allowing uncontrolled gum disease to advance faster and with more destruction.

Research also confirms that the inflammation in the mouth can aggravate diabetes, making it harder to control. This two-way relationship between two chronic conditions emphasizes the importance of optimal oral health.

At Tucson Dental Studio in Tucson, AZ, we want to help maintain a healthy smile. We will create a customized treatment plan to get your gums healthy and stop gum disease in its tracks.

Request an Appointment